[Abstract] March and April every year is a period of high incidence of mushroom poisoning. Many people like to pick wild mushrooms, but many of the fatal "killers" are hidden.
The temperature of spring is rising, the warm and humid environment is suitable for the growth of mushrooms, the mushrooms are delicious and nutritious, it is a food that cannot be missed in spring. However, March and April of mushrooms are high in March and April. Many people like to pick wild mushrooms, but many of the fatal "killers" are hidden. "The mortality rate of poisoning is extremely high!" The WeChat public account of the Jiangxi Provincial Market Supervision Bureau recently reminded that wild mushrooms are highly risky. Be careful to prevent poisonous mushroom poisoning. mushroom. According to Jiangxi Market Supervision, in addition to medicinal bacteria and edible fungi, there are also toxic mushrooms. At present, there are more than 400 types of mushrooms that are known in the world. There are more than 40 kinds of mushrooms that contain toxicity that can be dangerous to people. Poisonous mushrooms are complicated, and some toxicity is very strong. The conventional cooking method cannot destroy its toxic ingredients, and there is currently no special effects detoxifying drugs. The Jiangxi Market Supervision Department also reminded that some wild poisonous mushrooms are not obviously different from the appearance characteristics of edible mushrooms, and there are no obvious signs of poisonous mushrooms. At present, there is no simple way to identify whether wild poisonous mushrooms are toxic, even fungal experts can easily distinguish it by relying on its appearance characteristics.
The identification is whether poisonous mushrooms need to perform animal tests, chemical analysis, and form comparison.
The methods spread on the Internet are not scientific and universal, and they are extremely misleading. In addition, the experience of picking is not reliable. Poisonous mushrooms are complicated, and they will vary depending on the variety, season and growth conditions. In other words, the toxicity of wild mushrooms will mutate, and even if the wild mushrooms that have been picked before are picked, they may be toxic.
What are the types of mushrooms? According to reports, mushrooms usually refer to a type of fungi with large sub -entities, as many as 36,000 species, but not all mushrooms can be eaten. Mushrooms can be divided into medicinal bacteria and edible bacteria according to their uses.
The bacteria of the medicine include Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, and Poria. Edible bacteria include enoki mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, Pleurotus eryngii, Hiramuscular and tea tree mushrooms.
In addition, there are some common wild bacteria, such as Matsutake, Blackdonetic, Chicken Bacteria, and Lammark. Many mushrooms have special aroma and taste, mainly because they contain some special volatile substances, such as shiitake mushrooms in shiitake mushrooms. The unique umami flavor of mushrooms is mainly derived from its rich free amino acids and nucleotides.
Is the wild bacteria better? Many people think that the high price of wild fungi is due to its natural and nutritious value, but is it really like this? The Jiangxi Market Supervision Department said that the high price of wild fungi is mainly because of "things are rare". Compared with artificial breeding bacteria, it has no significant advantage in nutritional.
Studies have shown that the differences in nutritional elements such as protein and sugar are not large, and even some of the nutritional value of artificial cultivation mushrooms is better than wild. This is due to the best growth conditions for artificial breeding to provide mushrooms to make it rich in nutrients. Secondly, the main differences between the two are in terms of trace elements and heavy metals. The content of mineral elements in wild mushrooms is usually higher than artificial cultivation of mushrooms, while artificial cultivation of heavy metal pollutants in mushrooms The content can be better controlled. In addition, there are many types of wild mushrooms, complex growth environment, and poor growth process. It is necessary to further strengthen research and evaluation of consumption safety risks.
Therefore, compared to wild mushrooms and artificially cultivated mushrooms, it is both nutritious and safe.